Analysis of Blood Discard Causes in Blood Component Preparation and Solution Strategies

Objective: To explore the main causes of blood discard during blood component preparation, formulate targeted solution strategies, and provide a basis for improving the quality of blood preparation and conserving blood resources. Methods: Data from 127 discarded products during the 12-month pre-intervention period (June 2024 to June 2025) were collected as a baseline to analyze discard causes and distribution. Subsequently, twelve staff members were randomly divided into a control group (6 individuals, continuing conventional work mode) and a study group (6 individuals, implementing targeted solution strategies for 3 months). Post-intervention quality management scores were compared between groups, and discard rates during the intervention period were collected for supplementary comparison. Results: Among 127 discarded products, the proportions for ordinary frozen plasma (53.54%), virus-inactivated plasma (22.05%), and whole blood (20.47%) were relatively high. The primary cause of discard was lipemic blood (70.87%), followed by testing non-conformance (10.24%), insufficient volume and clots (5.51% each), etc. After the 3-month intervention, the blood discard rate in the study group was 18.6% lower than that in the control group. The study group’s quality management scores across seven dimensions—blood control, collection management, etc.—were significantly higher than those of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ordinary frozen plasma, virus-inactivated plasma, and whole blood carry a higher risk of discard, with lipemic blood being the leading cause. Implementing targeted strategies based on cause analysis—through comprehensive measures such as enhanced pre-donation health education, strengthened screening, and operational standardization—can significantly reduce the occurrence of discards due to lipemic blood and other causes, thereby effectively improving the quality management level and reducing the discard rate in blood component preparation. This holds significant application value for ensuring clinical blood transfusion safety and improving blood resource utilization.