Lipid Profile of Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lome

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a significant cardiovascular risk factor in patients with type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetics at the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lome and establish their lipid profile. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted over a 12-month period (July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023) among type 2 diabetic patients seen in internal medicine consultations at the Military Medical-Surgical Clinic of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lome. The data studied were demographic data and lipid profiles. Results: A total of one hundred and thirty-one patients were included, with a female predominance (59.54%). The mean age was 58.72 years (39 - 85 years). The mean blood glucose level was 1.97 g/l (0.65 - 4.50 g/l) and the mean glycated hemoglobin was 9.07% (5% - 15.1%). Dyslipidemia was found in 89 patients (67.94%). Low HDL cholesterol was predominant (39.69%), followed by hypertriglyceridemia (27.48%). High LDL cholesterol was found in 20.61% of cases and mixed dyslipidemia in 16.03%. The other cardiovascular risk factors identified were: hypertension (73.28%), obesity (29.01%), alcohol consumption (25.19%), and physical inactivity (12.21%). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is frequent in our type 2 diabetic patients, predominantly characterized by low HDL cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia.