Epidemiology and Treatment of Benign Orofacial Tumours at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso)

Introduction: Benign orofacial tumours are common pathologies in dental, stomatological, and maxillofacial practice. This study aims to report on the epidemiology, histopathology, and treatment modalities of this type of benign tumour at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive study involving retrospective data collection over a period of 6 years, including 110 cases of histologically confirmed benign orofacial tumours. Results: We collected 110 cases of histologically confirmed benign tumours, representing an annual frequency of 18.33 cases. The sex ratio was 0.70. The average age was 32.5 years, with extremes ranging from 1 to 79 years. In 90% of cases, the reason for consultation was related to swelling. The tumours had an average size of 6.74 cm and were mainly located in the mandible (36.64%), maxilla (12.73%), gingiva (10.9%), and cheek (10.9%). Histologically, 35.45% of tumours were odontogenic (including 31.81% ameloblastomas) and 64.55% were non-odontogenic (including 17.27% pleomorphic adenomas). Treatment was surgical for 108 patients (98.18%). It mainly consisted of complete removal of the tumour (27.8%), in non-disruptive enucleation-resection (25.9%), and in interruptive resection of the mandible with splint reconstruction (12%). Long-term outcomes were favourable in 69 patients (63.9%), with 39 patients lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Benign orofacial tumours are relatively common in our context. Delays in seeking medical advice and non-compliance with treatment limit the effectiveness of their management.