Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation toxicity of complexes Cd(II), Hg(II) with 3-{(e)-[(pyridin-2-yl) methylidene] amino}-2-sulfanyl-3, 5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one ligand against mice (albino Mus musculus)

This research synthesized a new heterocyclic ligand (HL), namely 3-{(E)-[(pyridine-2-yl)methylidene]amino}-2-sulfanyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one. Two complexes were synthesized by reacting the ligand (HL)3-{(E)-[(pyridine-2-yl)methylidene]amino}-2-sulfanyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one with salts of metal ions, which were mercury chloride (HgCl2) and cadmium chloride dihydrate (CdCl2.2H2O). The complexes had been characterized using several techniques, namely UV-visible spectra. FTIR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS, LC-MS, molar conductivity measurement, and melting points for compounds. The cadmium and mercury complexes have been shown to have a tetrahedral molecular structure, [Cd(C9H7N4OS)2]H2O and [Hg(C9H7N4OS)2]H2O. The toxicity of the prepared complex was evaluated using solutions at concentrations of 1x10-3 M, 5.5x10-3 M, and 10x10-3 M in mice (Albino Mus musculus). The results were found it toxic in 10x10-3M concentration for both Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes solution after 72 hours, in a 5.5x10-3M concentration for Cd (II) complex solution after 24 to 72 hours by applying Prism 10 software, we calculated Hg(II) complex LC50 = 6 mg/mL/body weight and Cd(II) complex LC50 = 5 mg/mL/body weight to illustrate the most current results properly accomplished. KEY WORDS: Synthesis, New heterocyclic compound, Metal complexes, Toxicity evaluation, Cd(II) complex, Hg(II) complex Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2026, 40(4), 755-768. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v40i4.3