Management practices and quantification of spent shea products in the Tamale Metropolis and Sagnarigu Municipality of Ghana

Abstract:The shea industry is central to the economic and social fabric of Northern Ghana, particularly among women engaged in shea butter production. Despite its benefits, improper disposal of shea by-products such as shea cake, shells, and sludge pose environmental challenges. This study assesses the quantity and management practices of these by-products within the Tamale Metropolis and Sagnarigu Municipality. A descriptive research design involving 220 respondents from 10 shea butter processing Centres was employed, utilizing structured questionnaires to gather data. Quantification data was also obtained by measuring the spent shea products at the 10 Centres. Findings reveal significant differences in by-product quantities across production Centres, with the predominant disposal practices including burning and open dumping, leading to environmental risks. However, opportunities for sustainable valorization, such as composting, biomass fuel production, and soap manufacturing, were identified. This study emphasizes the need for improved management practices and valorization strategies to enhance sustainability in the shea industry.