Protective Potential of Catuneragam nilotica (stapf) Tirveng Leaves Extract Against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats

The objective of this paper was to investigate the potential of Catuneragam nilotica (stapf) tirvend leaves methanol extract against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats using appropriate standard technique. Data showed that Gentamicin administration caused significant elevations in serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and uric acid, alongside marked reductions in antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation. Treatment with C. nilotica extract produced a dose-dependent improvement in renal biomarkers, with the highest dose (400 mg/kg) showing the greatest normalization of sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, creatinine, and urea levels. Antioxidant assays revealed significant increases in SOD, CAT, and GSH, with a parallel reduction in MDA, particularly at 400 mg/kg, suggesting enhanced oxidative defense. Histological examination supported these findings, showing reduced tubular degeneration, diminished interstitial inflammation, and improved glomerular architecture in extract-treated groups compared to the induced control. Overall, the results indicate that C. nilotica methanol leaf extract exhibits strong nephroprotective effects, likely mediated through antioxidant and cytoprotective mechanisms, comparable to the standard drug silymarin.