Spatiotemporal Variation and Comparative Assessment of Air Pollutants against National and Who Standards in Tanke, Ilorin, Nigeria

Air pollution remains a major environmental health challenge in rapidly urbanizing areas of Nigeria. Consequently, The objective of this paper was to quantify the levels of PM2.5, CO, H₂S, combustible gases, and ambient temperature in four Tanke Mini Market Ilorin-South Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods At this point provide the data for the mean concentrations values and units of the study area not the individual sampling stations for the parameters for M2.5, CO, H₂S, combustible gases, and ambient temperature Results revealed significant temporal variations in pollutant concentrations, with PM₂.₅ and CO levels peaking during morning and evening hours, coinciding with high vehicular activity and domestic combustion. Spatial analysis indicated elevated pollutant concentrations in zones characterized by dense traffic, waste burning, and commercial activities, surpassing permissible limits in several instances. Comparisons with WHO and NAAQS thresholds showed that PM₂.₅ levels frequently exceeded safe limits, suggesting potential respiratory and cardiovascular health risks for residents. The study underscores the need for continuous air quality monitoring, enforcement of emission control regulations, and public sensitization on environmental health practices. Implementing localized air pollution mitigation strategies would enhance environmental sustainability and safeguard public health in Ilorin metropolis.