Fish Biodiversity and Abundance of Gubi Dam, Bauchi State, Nigeria

The objective of this research was to evaluate the fish species biodiversity and abundance of Gubi Dam, Bauchi state, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods. Data obtained revealed that, the total 18,408 fish samples were observed 4049 from site A (kwatan kifi), 8991 site B (Kwatan yashi) and 5368 site C (Kwatan gabas) all samples were collected from the fisherman during the research. The result shows that Cichlidae were the most diverse and abundant (89.15%) fish with five species: Oreochromis niloticus (17.193%), Sarotherodon melanotheron (16.126%), Sarotherodon galilaeus (21.365%), Coptodon zilli (9.512%) and Hemichromis bimaculatus (25.059%), followed by the Alestidae (3.215%) with Micraletes accidentalis (2.026%) and Micraletes elongates (1.189%), the Clariidae family were 3.123% with two species: Clarias gariepinus (2.536%) and Clarias albopuntatus (0.586%). The second abundant family was the Cyprinidae (4.465%) with Barboides gracilis (362%) and Barbus stigmatopygus (0.103%) species. Other two families with one species were Mormyridae; Marcusenius senegalensi s (0.038) and Malapteruridae; Malapterruru selectricus (0.005%). Relative number fish species in Gubi dam in ascending order are Kwatan kifi (49.84%), Kwatan Gabas (29.16%), C (21.99%). The Shannon-weiner biodiversity indices showed 0.18, 1.17 and 0.18 in sites A, B and C, respectively. Simpson (D) were 0.80 at site C, site C B 0.70 and site A 0.7. The relative abundance at sites B was 48.89, site B was 29.99 and 29.16 in site C. The research observed low catches resulting from over fishing. Finally, periodic reseeding and minimum gear size should be practiced to ensure fish species sustainability and abundance. This research identified the fish species available and species escaped due over fishing.