Exploring the use of pesticides from Nicotiana tabacum and Capsicum annuum for fall armyworm control in maize plantations

This study examines the utilization of Nicotiana tabacum and Capsicum annuum as bioresources for the development of sustainable, organic pesticides aimed at controlling maize caterpillars. Conducted across Gatsata, Nyamata, and Byimana, the research evaluates the efficacy of plant extracts in reducing fall armyworm populations. Nicotiana tabacum leaves and Capsicum annuum fruit extract were prepared, steeped in water, strained, and refrigerated. Extracts were diluted into low, medium, and high concentrations to test the pesticidal effects on maize caterpillars. These extracts were applied to maize caterpillars in controlled and uncontrolled environments to monitor mortality rates. Caterpillar abundance was recorded across three sites using 10m x 10m plots. The study found Nicotiana tabacum and Capsicum annuum extracts have significant pesticidal activity, and the mortality of maize caterpillars ranges from 81 to 84%. These findings highlight the potential of these botanical extracts as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic pesticides, promoting sustainable agriculture by reducing environmental impact and preserving beneficial insects. The research recommends optimizing the application methods and dosage of these extracts for effective pest management and further exploring their long-term effects on biodiversity.