Review of National Culture

This chapter provides a comprehensive review of national culture and its relevance to corporate sustainability and climate change. It begins by defining national culture and comparing leading frameworks, including Hofstede, GLOBE, and Schwartz. Building on Williamson’s analytical model, we develop a theoretical framework linking culture, the natural environment, and corporate decision-making. We then review prior studies on national culture in business and sustainability practices, with particular attention to disclosure, performance, and economic outcomes of CSR. Finally, we synthesize emerging empirical evidence on national culture and climate change, highlighting key mechanisms, research gaps, and future directions.