Tax revenues

Chapter 2 focuses on the structure of tax systems in both developed and developing countries, presenting comparative statistics on tax revenues as a share of GDP. The chapter underscores key differences between these two groups by analyzing descriptive statistics related to tax revenue trends and statutory tax rates. To support our analysis, we draw upon scholarly literature as well as reports from major international institutions such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the European Commission. Additionally, the chapter addresses persistent challenges within tax systems. One such issue, in our view, is the prevalence of business figures entering politics—a phenomenon often linked to tax evasion, as these individuals may prioritize personal or corporate interests over the public good, regardless of their socioeconomic background.