Grasslands at the crossroads

This introductory chapter outlines the structure and scope of this edited volume, which explores the complex and diverse dimensions of grassland ecosystems through five interconnected sections. Part I , titled Foundations , provides essential context by examining the evolutionary origins, global diversity, soil processes, and current trajectories of change in grasslands. It highlights the urgent need for research and conservation efforts. Part II , Ecology and Conservation , builds on this foundation by exploring ecological mechanisms from the physiological to the community levels. It also emphasizes crucial interactions, such as plant–microbe relationships and biodiversity conservation strategies. In Part III , Production and Agronomy , the focus shifts to grasslands as productive landscapes. This section discusses management practices, agronomic innovations, and technological integrations that leverage ecological insights to sustain agricultural productivity in the face of global environmental change. Recognizing the broader societal importance of grasslands, Part IV , Socioeconomic Dimensions , examines economic valuation, ecosystem services, gender dynamics, policy frameworks, and climate adaptation strategies. It stresses the integration of human values into grassland sustainability. Finally, Part V , Cultural Dimensions , acknowledges the historical and cultural significance of grasslands. It explores pastoral traditions, artistic expressions, spiritual and sacred places, and eco-revelatory designs, emphasizing the need for holistic approaches to grassland management and conservation. The concluding chapter to the book examines the research needs identified by the contributing authors throughout the book.