Towards an environmental and contextualist history of anarchist ideology

This chapter examines the hybridisation between two marginal ideologies: anarchism and ecologism. First, it examines the conceptual and morphological factors that favoured the anarchisation of ecologism. Second, it proposes to overcome the methodological biases that led to the over-greening of classical anarchist authors (Reclus and Kropotkin) through an environmental contextualist approach and a case study of 19th-century Montmartre Naturiens . Third, it aims to incorporate environmental issues into the morphological ideologies approach. Finally, drawing on the concept of “environmental reflexivities”, it claims to terminate the race for the paternity of ecologism between traditional ideologies and instead interrogate their relative indifference to the environmental alarms of their time.