The Sociological Evolution of International Arbitration

This chapter analyses the transformation of international arbitration from a discreet practice into a specialized field that has come to play a central role in the resolution of international business disputes. Adopting a sociological perspective, it argues that international arbitration has emerged as a credible alternative to national and international courts, and examines the roles of key figures and organizations in this evolution. The chapter analyses the division of labour among actors within the field, with specialized professionals whose involvement has grown and progressively replaced, albeit not completely, versatile actors. Additionally, it discusses the development of a ‘culture of arbitration’, rooted in institutional myths, such as party autonomy and neutrality, and highlights how the field integrates newcomers. By drawing attention to the interplay between traditional actors and new entrants, the chapter underscores the complex social dynamics that have shaped the global arbitration landscape over the past hundred years.