China–GCC Collaboration on Renewable Energy Supply Chain

This chapter explores the evolving dynamics of solar and wind energy supply chain collaboration between China and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states. It examines the structure and trends in renewable energy markets across the GCC and China, identifying both opportunities and vulnerabilities in their interdependence. Drawing on a detailed case study of Masdar, a leading United Arab Emirates (UAE)-based renewable energy developer, the chapter analyzes strategies for managing supply chain risks, including diversification, localization, and sustainability. Despite China’s dominance in solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind equipment manufacturing, GCC countries are advancing local content policies and investment initiatives to enhance energy security and economic diversification. The chapter also outlines policy recommendations to improve resilience in China–GCC supply chains—ranging from joint research and development (R&D), recycling, and labor upskilling to industrial clustering and certification harmonization. These strategies aim to build a more secure, sustainable, and mutually beneficial renewable energy partnership that supports broader climate and development goals in both the GCC and China.