Schemes and Implementation

This chapter offers a critical analysis of the implementation, gaps, and challenges of transgender welfare schemes following NALSA and the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act (TPA). The study relies on NHRC advisory responses, Action Taken Reports, RTI investigations, news reports, and other publicly available data. It explores the structure and functioning of transgender welfare boards, Transgender Protection Cells, state policies, Garima Greh facilities, reservation provisions, grievance redressal mechanisms, SRS facilities, HIV sero-surveillance centers, and more. Additionally, national initiatives such as the SMILE scheme, the National Portal for Transgender Persons, the National Institute of Self-Defense, and the National Council for Transgender Persons are assessed to gauge the overall state of transgender welfare in India. Ultimately, the states are categorized into four levels based on their execution of these programs.