The digital transformation in scientific practices

This chapter explores how digital transformation is reshaping scientific practices, emphasising its impact on collaboration, communication and knowledge dissemination. It introduces the concept of “liquid science”, where digital tools enable fluid, global research networks and redefine academic interactions. The chapter highlights how digital technologies enhance data access, analysis and visibility, particularly benefiting under-resourced regions. However, it also addresses challenges such as information overload, blurred work–life boundaries, and inequalities in digital access. The digital divide limits participation in global science, reinforcing structural disparities. Open Access and Open Science are presented as solutions to democratise knowledge and foster equitable collaboration. The chapter concludes by advocating for inclusive digital infrastructures and supportive public policies to ensure all researchers can fully engage in the global scientific community.