Introduction

This chapter outlines the book's aims and objectives, focusing on the complex relationship between archaeology and nationalism in Iceland. It addresses a gap in existing literature, arguing that while the global effects of colonialism and nationalism on archaeology have been widely studied, Iceland's specific dynamics remain underexplored. This oversight stems from two key factors: the misconception that Iceland has been isolated from nationalism and colonialism, and the belief that archaeology has played a minimal role in Icelandic nationalist discourse. The perception that Icelandic artefacts are of limited historical value has further contributed to this view, as they were once seen as unimportant in Iceland's pursuit of independence and national identity. The chapter challenges these assumptions by situating Iceland within broader scholarly discussions on nationalism and archaeology, aiming to illuminate how national identities are constructed and contested. Four case studies are presented, incorporating archaeological remains, historical texts, and ethnological material. These studies demonstrate how archaeology can disrupt traditional national narratives and ethnocentric interpretations of the past. The chapter thus provides a more nuanced understanding of Iceland's involvement in nationalist projects, highlighting the significant role archaeology plays in shaping national identity and challenging established views of Icelandic history.