Ethical and regulatory considerations in AI-driven education

This section explores the ethical concerns arising from the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education and the corresponding institutional responses. Key issues include privacy, bias, fairness, security, accountability, transparency, and equitable access to technology, all of which can significantly impact students’ learning experiences. Despite the growing use of AI, research and institutional guidance remain limited, prompting recent initiatives such as the Ethical Framework for AI in Education and UNESCO’s AI competency frameworks to promote responsible, human-centred AI use. The section highlights the need for standardised policies, continuous review, and practical strategies to mitigate ethical risks while maximising the benefits of AI in educational contexts.