Pitfalls to avoid

This chapter identifies common mistakes and obstacles that can undermine anti-racist efforts. Thompson introduces two key frameworks: the Four Fs – fear, fatigue, frustration and failure – and the Six Ds – denial, defensiveness, detachment, dismissal, despair and dogmatism. These represent psychological and behavioural patterns that can derail meaningful engagement with racism. He argues that these pitfalls are often rooted in discomfort, ignorance or resistance to change, and that recognizing them is essential for personal and professional growth. The chapter emphasizes that anti-racist work is challenging and emotionally demanding, but avoiding it only sustains injustice. Thompson provides guidance on how to remain open, reflective and constructive in the face of difficult conversations or backlash. By offering strategies to overcome defensiveness and disengagement, he reinforces the importance of persistence and humility. The chapter serves as a practical guide for exploring the emotional and intellectual complexities of anti-racist practice.