The Evolution of the Role of the Italian Parliamentary Committee for the Security of The Republic (Copasir): A Model of Parliamentary Oversight to Emulate

In a political and institutional context where parliament is increasingly sidelined, the role of the Parliamentary Committee for the Security of the Republic (COPASIR) stands out. This bicameral body, which is entrusted with delicate tasks in an area where it is necessary to strike a balance between the opposing needs for transparency and confidentiality, has over time established itself as a particularly effective and efficient model of parliamentary oversight. The causes of the success of this model are primarily found in several fortunate structural solutions: the limited number of members; equal representation between the majority and the opposition; the assignment of the presidency to a member of the opposition; the careful selection of its members; and the absolute confidentiality of its proceedings. This structure allows COPASIR to engage in constant parliamentary activity through hearings and reports that keep the Chambers well informed about its work in a precise and thorough manner. The expansion of its powers in matters of security has certainly been influenced by the stress tests resulting from particular crisis situations that COPASIR has had to face: Covid-19, the invasion of Ukraine, the rise of artificial intelligence, and the Israeli–Palestinian crisis. In conclusion, due to its structural characteristics and operational methods, COPASIR today stands as an example of effective parliamentary activity, having evolved from a mere oversight tool to an institutional forum for dialogue between parliament and the government in an area as delicate and strategic as the security of the Republic.