Social play

This chapter examines the social play of young children. It describes the development of social participation —the degree of children’s interaction with others, from solitary and parallel play in infancy and toddlerhood to more cooperative play at age 4 or 5. Important social skills that children acquire in play are described—altruistic behaviors, peer group entry abilities, conflict resolution, persuasive language, turn taking, and following the rules of a game. Variations in the social play of young children with disabilities, including limitations in involvement with peers, social anxiety, and inability to understand or communicate about play themes are discussed. The chapter addresses how unique social behaviors of those with disabilities can lead to rejection by peers. The distinct ways in which children of diverse cultural backgrounds play is also discussed. Examples are provided of very active, social play of children of some cultures and the quieter, more withdrawn play of those of other backgrounds. The less engaged play of children who speak a different language from others is considered. Recommendations are given for how teachers can actively facilitate social play in order to enhance the development of children with disabilities or those of diverse cultures and to help all children understand and accept peers who interact in different ways.