Tolerate, detain, or deny

As long as neither the undesirability nor the unremovability can be resolved, the individual will remain in the host country. This chapter looks at how host countries manage undesirable but unremovable migrants in such situations. The book contains a variety of examples of measures taken by host countries, which impact undesirable but unremovable migrants’ freedom of movement to varying extents and serve several objectives: maintaining some level of control over them, compelling them to depart voluntarily from the country, or signalling to the public that the government is effectively managing the situation. Some policies exclude undesirable but unremovable migrants from any government involvement, effectively pushing them outside the formal legal framework of society, leaving them to navigate their existence independently and limiting their freedoms without the need for physical confinement.