Internationalization of services through resources and competencies

This chapter focuses on the internationalization of higher education services as a key driver for South-South cooperation between Morocco and sub-Saharan Africa. In the context of globalization and the expansion of information and communication technologies, services, particularly higher education, have become central to global value chains and economic development. The study highlights the growing importance of cultural cooperation in fostering economic and educational exchanges, particularly in developing economies. The World Bank emphasizes the positive externalities of higher education, including its impact on entrepreneurship, technological progress and governance, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This research explores how the resource- and competence-based approach to internationalization can explain the behavior of Moroccan SMEs in higher education as they expand into African markets. It aims to fill a theoretical gap in understanding the factors influencing the internationalization of services, contributing to resilience and ethical development in the context of South-South cooperation. The study also emphasizes the importance of tertiary education for economic catch-up in developing countries.