All about T-tests

Here is an introduction of the purposes and the requirements of the one-sample T-test, paired-samples T-test, and independent-samples T-test. Here we provide a detailed SPSS step to generate all three types of T-tests and interpret the generated outputs. In a one-sample T-test, further discussion of the eta squared (η 2 ) value is needed to know the effect size of the mean difference of the significant difference between the test variable and test value. Paired-samples T-test is useful to test the significance of the mean difference between a pre- and post-event. The independent-samples T-test aims to test the mean difference of two independent groups of a test variable. The details of testing two assumptions of this test, including the normal distribution and equality of variance, are shared. This is followed by the interpretation of the SPSS outputs and also a sample of report writing of the T-tests.