Development and Consequences of Identity Politics

In recent years, the emergence of identity politics has become a dominant force in the United States' political landscape. However, much of the ongoing discussion on identity politics does not reflect an understanding of the origin of identity politics and the nature of this political tool. There are likely central features of identity politics that can lead to certain consequences for those adopting this political approach. Our limited understanding of these features makes it challenging to appreciate why identity politics has gained popularity and what its adherents derive from employing it. Likewise, there is a lack of appreciation of the downsides of using this political tool. Constructing a theory about identity politics is valuable for understanding its origins and key characteristics. Theorizing the potential positive and negative effects of identity politics can provide a framework for future empirical analysis. However, before engaging in such theorizing, we need to examine the social context in which identity politics has developed and continues to flourish in contemporary society. Engaging in that exploration is the focus of this current chapter.