Administration and Politics: A Model

In this chapter and in Chapter IX the analysis is taken further into the British political framework. Before applying concepts from Chapters VI and VII to public administration, it seems necessary to start by asking how great are the differences between public and other organizations. This leads to an examination of policy-making in a political setting and of the contributions made by different participants. Traditionally, one of the main problems of public administration has been taken to be the relationship between permanent officials and elected politicians. In order to understand this relationship, some discussion is needed of the place of lay judgement in policy-making.