Paradiplomacy: A Global Perspective

To trace the origin of paradiplomacy, one needs to delve into the ancient history of mankind when cities and their interaction used to dominate statecraft. In modern times, the study of international relations began with the affairs of nation-states, but the history of the civilisation of the world began with cities. The Homo sapiens , known for their predominantly nomadic lifestyle until 10,000 years ago, invented farming and settled down in a community to create societies for harmonious cohabitation. The technological developments and advances in agriculture paved the way for mankind to create civilisations. The concept of urbanisation manifested in the formation of city-states that shaped our political society in the subsequent eras.