Clinical characteristics of four children with azygos lobe: A Case Report

Introduction: Normally, the azygos vein is localized in the posterior part of the upper lobe of the right lung.Still, during the process of embryogenesis, the azygos vein passes through the upper lobe of the lung.As a result of the parietal and visceral pleura being pulled together during this process, the azygos lobe is formed.The clinical features of the azygos lobe in children have not been summarized so far.Case Presentation: This paper describes the presence of an azygos lobe in 4 pediatric patients presenting with cough and/or wheezing.Additionally, no pathological conditions such as bronchiectasis, pneumothorax, or neoplasm associated with the azygos lobe were observed in the evaluated patient series.Conclusion: The azygos lobe does not require specific treatment unless it leads to clinically significant disease.However, to prevent misdiagnosis in radiological evaluations, clinicians should consider this anatomical variation.