Ending all forms of malnutrition through food system transformation

Ending all forms of malnutrition (SDG 2 Target 2.2) and transforming food systems to promote health and well-being is a complex and multifaceted challenge. As the case studies from countries that have achieved notable success in addressing malnutrition revealed, nutrition interventions are not only about individualised dietary recommendations and behavioural change but also determined by structural and spatial injustices. It is essential to address the root causes of malnutrition, including poverty, inequality, and lack of access to nutritious foods. This may involve implementing policies and programs that promote sustainable agriculture and food systems and increasing access to education, healthcare, and social safety nets for vulnerable populations. These initiatives could involve promoting sustainable farming practices, reducing food waste, and returning to producing and consuming healthy local crops and crop varieties that thrive in extreme environments and have unique nutritional values (e.g., iron-rich beans and millets).