Geopolitical economy

Geopolitical economy examines the geogra- phy of the link between politics and economy. It can hence be understood as a perspective for understanding the spatial nature of inter- national political economy, and the ways in which capitalism – characterized by con- stant movement of different forms of capital and economic expansion – is spatially fixed in geopolitical discourses and practices. The geopolitical economy perspective hence underscores the fact that the seemingly eco- nomic, market-driven, and firm-centered eco- nomic processes and economic recourses are often made geopolitical, i.e. brought into the sphere of capitalist expansion, state control, logics of security, friend–foe relations, and all kinds of strategic calculations.