Investigating the Climate Change and its Impact on Biodiversity using EDAS Method

Climate change has emerged as a major global threat to biodiversity, inflicting severe impacts on ecosystems and species. Shifts in temperature, precipitation, and climatic conditions alter natural habitats and disrupt ecological equilibrium, leading to habitat degradation and fragmentation. As rising temperatures affect the physiology, behavior, migration patterns, and distribution of organisms, survival becomes increasingly difficult for many species. Some species are unable to adapt rapidly enough to changing environmental conditions or relocate, potentially leading to population declines or extinction. Furthermore, climate change exacerbates existing environmental challenges—such as pollution, habitat destruction, and the spread of invasive species—thereby intensifying the pressure on biodiversity. Extreme weather events—including droughts, storms, and floods—further damage ecosystems and undermine their stability. Variations in precipitation patterns also impact water availability within terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Marine biodiversity faces an equally grave threat due to ocean acidification, caused by increased carbon dioxide absorption, which negatively affects coral reefs and shellfish populations. The Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) method for assessing the accuracy of supervised classification has emerged as a key technique for feature selection and data preprocessing in environmental studies. Key mitigation measures include ecosystem restoration, the promotion of sustainable livelihoods, community empowerment, climate-resilient agriculture, and integrated water resource management. According to the ranking results, Integrated Water Resources Management has the greatest impact on biodiversity conservation, whereas climate-resilient agriculture demonstrates relatively lower significance