Consensus in infection complications

Infectious complications remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In Brazil, the access to effective therapies for multidrug-resistant bacterial, invasive fungal, and viral infections is frequently limited in the public healthcare system (SUS), posing significant challenges to optimal clinical management. This consensus-based review, endorsed by the Brazilian Society of Cellular Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation, focuses on selected pediatric infectious complications in HSCT for which access to appropriate antimicrobial therapy remains particularly restricted. We summarize recommended antimicrobial agents for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, invasive fungal diseases, and viral infections, highlighting discrepancies between evidence-based treatment strategies and drug availability in the SUS.