Nanotechnology Applications in Viticulture: New Approaches for Sustainable Production

Viticulture holds a significant place among Türkiye’s agricultural activities, supporting not only the economic livelihood of producers but also contributing substantially to the national economy. This study discusses the current status and potential contributions of nanotechnology applications in viticulture and highlights nanotechnology as an innovative approach for sustainable production, environmental protection, and increased efficiency. Global climate change, rising environmental stress factors, and the intensive use of chemical inputs are among the main issues threatening sustainable grape production. One of the new and eco-friendly technologies developed to mitigate these challenges is nanotechnology. By utilizing the unique physical and chemical properties of materials at the nanometer scale, nanotechnology offers innovative solutions for plant nutrition, disease and pest management, and enhanced stress tolerance. The use of nanofertilizers in viticulture increases nutrient uptake due to their slow-release characteristics, while reducing nutrient losses and environmental pollution. Similarly, the use of nanopesticides with controlled-release properties decreases the frequency of pesticide applications and minimizes negative environmental impacts. Studies have shown that different nanoparticle applications improve the morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters of grapevines under both abiotic and biotic stress conditions, thereby enhancing stress tolerance. Overall, the findings indicate that nanotechnology has great potential to serve as an environmentally friendly and efficiency-enhancing approach that supports sustainable grape production.