The Influence of Attitudes, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control on the Intention to Perform Hand Hygiene Among Nursing Hospital Caregivers

This study aimed to examine the relationships among nursing caregivers' hand hygiene attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention to perform hand hygiene, as well as to identify factors influencing their behavioral intention.Data were collected from 175 caregivers working at four nursing hospitals between May 28 and June 23, 2025, using a descriptive correlational design.Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 29.0.The findings indicated that hand hygiene attitude was significantly positively correlated with subjective norms (r = .18,p < .05)and perceived behavioral control (r = .21,p < .01).Intention to perform hand hygiene showed a significant positive correlation with both subjective norms (r = .42,p < .001)and perceived behavioral control (r = .25,p = .001).The main predictors of caregivers' intention were subjective norms (β = .41)and perceived behavioral control (β = .21),explaining 20.8% of the variance in behavioral intention.These results indicate that social and environmental factors play a pivotal role in shaping caregivers' hand hygiene behavior.Therefore, improving compliance requires more than individual education or attitude change; it necessitates organizational-level interventions that reinforce collective norms, foster a culture of mutual accountability, provide adequate institutional support, and improve workplace infrastructure and accessibility to hygiene resources.