Echocardiographic Findings in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and spectrum of echocardiographic abnormalities among patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Echocardiographic evaluation is critical in this population due to the high incidence of cardiac complications, which may remain asymptomatic yet significantly elevate cardiovascular risk if left undetected. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2023, enrolling 150 patients with diagnosed CKD. Participants were categorized by CKD stage: Stage III (40%, n=60), Stage IV (33.33%, n=50), and Stage V (26.67%, n=40). Echocardiographic parameters assessed included Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, and pericardial effusion. All echocardiograms were interpreted by certified cardiologists to minimize interobserver variability. Statistical analyses were conducted using chi-square tests, with a p-value