Strengthening Students’ Critical Thinking Skills and Adversity Quotient through the Think Talk Write Model Based on Realistic Mathematics Education

This article conceptually discusses the integration of the Think Talk Write (TTW) model with the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach to enhance the critical thinking skills and Adversity Quotient (AQ) of the middle school students. This study was conducted through a literature review of various relevant scientific articles indexed in Scopus Q1, Q2, and Q3. The TTW model encourages students to think, discuss, and systematically write their mathematical ideas, while the RME approach presents learning contexts that are realistic and closely related to students’ daily lives. The integration of the TTW model and the RME approach is considered capable of creating an active, reflective, and meaningful learning environment, thereby supporting the development of students’ critical thinking skills and resilience in facing complex mathematical problems. The results of the review indicate that the combination of TTW and RME has the potential to become an effective learning model in mathematics instruction to equip students with 21st century skills. This integration is also potentially effective in developing students’ abilities in analysis, interpretation, evaluation, accurate decision-making, and in building strong resilience. Furthermore, this article presents a conceptual framework that illustrates the synergetic relationship between TTW, RME, critical thinking skills, and students’ Adversity Quotient which can serve as a theoretical reference for the future empirical research and as a practical guideline for mathematics educators in designing reflective, contextual, and resilience-oriented learning in response to the demands of 21st century education.