Risk Factors Associated with Surgical Site Infection in Appendectomized Patients at HGR1 Orizaba, Veracruz

Surgical wound infections and their complications affect patients’ postoperative outcomes. Surgical site infections show an incidence ranging from 0.5% to 15%, which directly impacts patient prognosis. Recent studies have suggested obesity and advanced age as risk factors associated with the development of this condition. Despite advances in surgical techniques, surgical materials, antibiotics, and sterilization methods, a significant number of surgical procedures still result in this type of complication. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with surgical site infection in patients undergoing appendectomy at a secondary-level hospital in Orizaba, Mexico. A statistically significant association was observed between advanced age (OR 12.3), obesity (OR 12.7), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR 10.8), and the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis (OR 21.7) as risk factors for the development of surgical site infection.