Acacia Catechu Methanolic Extract as a Remedy for Wounds - An in Vitro Approach

Wound healing is a multifactorial process which includes inflammation, tissue proliferation, and remodeling. Plant therapeutics are becoming increasingly valuable in wound care because they are cost-effective with fewer side effects. This in vitro study explores the wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of Acacia catechu bark (ACME). Phytochemical characterization using DPPH radical scavenging, UV-Vis, and FTIR spectroscopy has identified the presence of phenolic and functional bioactive groups with strong antioxidant potential. ACME has been found to possess significant antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common wound pathogen. The anti-inflammatory property of ACME was confirmed by the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and elevation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The antioxidant activity was confirmed by the reduction of Reactive Oxygen Species and NO synthesis. ACME also enhanced the major indicators of wound repair, like the fibroblast cell migration and collagen deposition in scratch assays and Sirius red staining. The findings of this study reveal the potential of Acacia catechu methanolic extract as a promising natural therapeutic agent for wound healing.