Prevalencia y factores asociados a los trastornos musculoesqueléticos en docentes de Educación Física de Bogotá, Colombia

Introduction: Teaching physical education involves a heavy workload, which is a predisposing factor for musculoskeletal disorders. In Bogotá, Colombia, this problem is particularly relevant due to the working and ergonomic conditions specific to the educational context. Objective: To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and associated factors in physical education teachers in educational institutions in Bogotá, Colombia, as well as to explore levels of physical activity. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 262 teachers from 42 public institutions. The Nordic Questionnaire on Musculoskeletal Disorders was used to report the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms. Associations between musculoskeletal disorders and sociodemographic and occupational variables were analyzed using simple binary logistic regression models. Results: 22.5% were women, and the predominant age group was 25 to 35 years (43.9%). The areas of the body with the highest prevalence in the last twelve months were the back (45.8%) and shoulders (35.1%). The presence of musculoskeletal disorders was significantly associated with years of teaching experience (OR=3.39; 95% CI: 1.41–7.65), being female (OR=4.94; 95% CI: 1.94–12.59), age (OR=5.06; 95% CI: 1.25–20.59), and teaching more than 400 students per working day (OR=4.50; 95% CI: 1.74–11.62). Conclusion: Occupational and sociodemographic factors showed a significant association with the presence of musculoskeletal disorders, underscoring the importance of developing preventive policies and programs focused on promoting healthy habits among physical education teachers.