Análisis de las variables dinámicas del movimiento de arranque en levantadores de pesas colombianos categoría 81 kilogramos

Introduction: Performance in weightlifting depends on the interaction between dynamic variables of movement and a highly specialized technique. Nevertheless, on the Colombian context there is limited biomechanical evidence that characterizes these factors in advance competitive athletes. Objective: Identify, describe and analyse the dynamic movement variables of the snatch in elite Colombian weightlifters in the 81 kilograms category, who participated in the XXII Juegos Nacionales 2023. Methodology: Based on the observational method supported by videographic technique, the attempts of 18 Colombian weightlifters were recorded employing WL Analysis v.2.9.9 app and calculating power, strength, speed and the barbell height. The statistical analysis was conducted with the SPSS Program, version 26, organizing the sample into quartiles on the basis of maximum load. Results: The weightlifters with the best results showed significantly higher values in power and strength, especially during the pulls. There were not found meaningful differences in kinematics variables as speed or barbell height. Discussion: The findings indicate a direct relationship between maximum force production and the capacity to perform heavier liftings, in agreement with previous research that associate the strength and power as determining causes of performance. The observed similarity in the kinematics variables suggests a high level of technical development among the competitors. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the ability of generate maximum force represent a key factor in the snatch performance; while the technique is well stablished and is not decisive in that scenario.