Effectiveness of combined electrical stimulation therapy and range of motion exercise on physical health status of patients with cerebrovascular accidents

Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, and rehabilitation strategies remain essential to optimize recovery. Electrical stimulation has been increasingly used alongside with exercise to enhance motor function and functional independence. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of combining electrical stimulation with range of motion (ROM) exercises on health-related outcomes among stroke patients compared with ROM exercises alone. Methods: A total of 100 stroke patients were recruited and randomly assigned into two equal groups: one received electrical stimulation combined with ROM exercises, while the other performed ROM exercises only. Functional outcomes were assessed across upper and lower limb joint movements, balance, swallowing, facial control, and cognitive orientation at three time points. Results: The combined therapy group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in motor recovery, joint mobility, postural balance, and functional independence compared to the ROM-only group. Additionally, faster recovery was observed in swallowing function, facial symmetry, and memory orientation among patients receiving combined therapy. Conclusion: Electrical stimulation combined with ROM exercises provides superior benefits over ROM exercises alone in stroke rehabilitation. These findings support its integration into physiotherapy practice to enhance neuroplasticity, accelerate functional recovery, and promote independence in daily life. Further large-scale and long-term studies are recommended to confirm these outcomes.