The Effect of Spirulina Supplementation Cultured in Different Nutrient Media on the Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Physiological Responses, and Economic Value of Broilers

The high production cost of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) presents a significant obstacle to its utilization as a feed supplement.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of alternative culture media specifically tempeh wastewater and chicken manure for spirulina production and to investigate the effects of its supplementation on the performance, carcass characteristics, physiological responses, and economic value in broiler chickens.A total of 200 unsexed Loughmann MB 202 broiler chicks were allocated into a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatment groups: T0 (Control), T1 (spirulina in NPK medium), T2 (spirulina in tempeh wastewater medium), T3 (spirulina in chicken manure medium), and T4 (Commercial spirulina).The results demonstrated that spirulina supplementation, particularly from the tempeh wastewater medium (T2) and commercial sources (T4), significantly (P