Smartphone Addiction Effect on Vision Syndrome and Fatigue for Students Colleges at Mosul City Universities, Iraq

Background: College students worldwide are using smartphones more frequently. These users' health is suffering, and they are wasting their valuable study time. Aim: This study aimed to identify the effects of smartphone addiction on vision syndrome and fatigue of college students. Methods: Cross-sectional study designed from 2024 to 2025. A purposive sample was 1700 university students from universities in Mosul City. Data collection was executed using a questionnaire that sought data regarding demographics, Smartphone addiction, fatigue, and vision syndrome. Analysis of data by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results of the study showed that 48.4% had moderate addiction to smartphones, while 37.8% had severe addiction. Moderate fatigue considered as 38.1%, while 40.4% had moderate vision syndrome. Smartphone addiction was recorded as a significant association with vision syndrome and fatigue among university students. The correlation coefficients between Smartphone addiction and fatigue (p≤0.01) and with vision syndrome (p≤0.01) showed significant associations. Conclusion: Excessive use of smartphones has led to increased fatigue and vision syndrome among students. Focusing on these results is justified. Therefore, awareness campaigns and intervention programs should be initiated immediately to protect Mosul University students from the negative effects.