Exploring the Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) as a Biomarker for Female Infertility

Background: Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Prolactin are key hormonal markers in female reproductive function. AMH and FSH assess ovarian reserve, while Prolactin reflects pituitary activity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 29 infertile women. Serum levels of AMH, FSH, and Prolactin were measured. Pearson correlation and ROC analysis were performed to examine relationships and diagnostic performance. Results: No statistically significant correlations were found between AMH and FSH (r = 0.217, p = 0.258), AMH and Prolactin (r = -0.119, p = 0.539), or FSH and Prolactin (r = -0.185, p = 0.336). ROC analysis showed that Prolactin had high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.983), whereas AMH and FSH demonstrated limited utility. Conclusion: Within this small cohort, expected hormonal correlations were not observed. Prolactin shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker, while AMH and FSH should be interpreted cautiously. Larger, well-designed studies are recommended to validate these findings.