Measurement of Some Immunological Parameters (TNF-α Receptors R1, R2 and hs-CRP) and their Correlation with Crohn’s Disease Activity

Background: Crohn disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can lead to gradual intestinal injury and dysfunction. CD can involve patients of all ages, from children to elderly individuals, and may lead to a significant mobility and to a relevant deterioration of the quality of life. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels and evaluate the predictive value of the immunological markers including the Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha receptors (TNF-R1, TNF-R2) and the High-sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) in order to be used as a diagnostic tool for active Crohn's patient. Methods: The current investigation is using 140 blood samples acquired from 70 Crohn's disease patients and 70 apparently healthy individuals. A sandwich ELISA kit was used to determine serum levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors (TNF R1-R2) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs- CRP) in Crohn’s patient from Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital, Medical City in Baghdad, Iraq. Result: A total 140 of 1:1 ratio of the collected 70 cases and 70 controls samples were investigated respectively following inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean level of TNF-R1 among cases and controls was (186.181 ± 31.6085 vs. 60.773 ± 7.6383) with significant difference of 125.4079 (t= 32.266, df:138, P= 0.000) respectively, while those of TNFR2 the mean levels group (337.846 ± 63.2159 vs. 68.119 ± 17.7281) respectively and the significant difference of 269.7271(t= 34.372, df:138, P= 0.000), and in hs-CRP the mean level was (629.244 ± 121.3586 vs. 105.357 ± 34.1966) respectively and with significant mean difference of 523.8867 523.8867(t=34.764, df:138, P= 0.000). Conclusion: Elevated serum levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 demonstrate strong potential as biomarkers for predicting disease activity and progression in Crohn’s disease, given their roles in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune regulation. However, combining these markers with hs-CRP could enhance diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, supporting a multi-marker approach for improved clinical assessment.