Clinical And Laboratory Profiling of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Patients

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains an important public health issue globally. This is especially true for underdeveloped countries. To establish effective preventative and containment measures and strategies, it is important to know the age-specific distribution of HBV infection. This study aimed to analyse the age-specific distribution of hepatitis B virus infection, using the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) presence as an indicator. Materials and Procedures: 80 serum samples from various ages and people were collected. Conventional serological techniques were used to test samples for HBsAg. The chi-square (χ²) test was used to statistically analyze the relationship between age-specific groups and HBsAg-positive cases. Findings: Age was statistically significantly correlated with HBsAg positivity (χ² = 9.182, P < 0.01). The highest positive rates were found among 21- to 30-year-olds (29.09%), which was followed by those 41-50 years old (10.90%) and 31-40 years old (10%). In contrast, positive children (1-12 years) and adolescents (13-20) were very low (0.90%). Thus, 21–30-year-olds contributed significantly to the overall prevalence of HBV (P < 0.01). In conclusion, it was found that infection is closely related to age, with the most common occurring in young adults. On the other hand, while the rise in adult occurrence emphasises the need for targeted screening, improved control of infection and public health awareness to reduce infections, the decline in this age group shows that immunity from hepatitis-B vaccine programmes has been effective.