The Right to Health as a State Obligation Comparable to the Right to Life

The present study is framed within the Sustainable Development Goal on Health and Well-Being and examines the right to health as an essential obligation of the State, intrinsically linked to the fundamental right to life. The research adopts a theoretical–empirical approach based on documentary analysis of legal and institutional frameworks, complemented by interviews with actors from the legal field. The findings reveal persistent structural and administrative gaps within health systems that limit effective access to timely, dignified, and quality health services. Additionally, deficiencies related to insufficient resources, systemic fragmentation, and shortcomings in healthcare provision negatively affect the population’s quality of life. These conditions, observable in both local and global contexts, hinder the effective guarantee of the right to health and, in critical scenarios, compromise the protection of the right to life.