OPTIMAL TRAINING LOADS FOR YOUNG WEIGHTLIFTERS UNDER DIFF ERENT TRAINING FACTORS

The article investigates the optimal training load for developing speed-strength abilities in young weightlifters (17-20 years) under diff erent training factors. It analyzes changes in explosive strength indicators depending on the weight used (30-100 % of Max) and determines the load range providing the greatest increase in competitive results in snatch and clean-and-jerk. Special training is a key component of weightlifting, where explosive strength directly aff ects sports results. Identifying optimal loads allows avoiding overtraining and ensures balanced development of strength and speed in young athletes. Aim and problem. The problem is the lack of a unifi ed approach to selecting loads for simultaneous development of strength and explosiveness. Aim: to determine the optimal load for speed-strength abilities. Materials and Methods. The study involved 30 weightlifters. The three-month pedagogical experiment was carried in two stages: I stage (n = 10) - strength exercises only; II stage (n = 20, 4 groups of 5) - training in diff erent training factors, 3 times/week. Results and Discussion. The greatest increase in snatch and clean-and-jerk (57,5 kg) was observed in the 70-90 % group. Loads of 30-50 % improved speed but minimally aff ected strength (22,5 kg); 50-70 % ensured proportional development (45 kg); 90-100 % caused overfatigue and no adaptation. Pure strength training did not improve explosive strength. Conclusions. Optimal load for speed-strength development in young weightlifters is 70-90 % of maximum, providing the highest competitive progress. Loads near 100 % require minimal warm-up volume and strict control of repetitions/ rest to prevent overtraining. Explosive strength grows only through explosive-type work with controlled volume.