Intralesional Curettage, Synthetic Graft Augmentation, and Pinning for Phalangeal Enchondroma : A Case Report and Review of Current Evidence

Background: Enchondromas are benign cartilaginous tumors commonly affecting the small tubular bones of the hand and frequently present as lytic lesions with cortical thinning on imaging, sometimes associated with pain or pathologic fracture (5, 6, 9). Optimal surgical management—particularly regarding void filling and internal reinforcement—remains controversial (2, 3). Objective: To present the clinical course, surgical treatment, and outcome of a 40-year-old patient with enchondroma of the distal phalanx (P3) of the left index finger treated by curettage, defect filling with a synthetic bone substitute (Biobank), and reinforcement with pin fixation. Methods: Clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features were analyzed. A literature review was conducted to contextualize surgical approaches, grafting options, and fixation strategies. Results: The lesion was successfully treated with complete curettage, Biobank grafting, and intramedullary pinning. Histopathology confirmed enchondroma. The patient achieved satisfactory consolidation and pain relief with no complications at follow-up. Conclusion: Intralesional curettage with graft augmentation and stabilization represents an effective treatment strategy for symptomatic phalangeal enchondromas, particularly in the presence of cortical compromise and fracture risk (2, 7).